Parasitism occurred on earth for a long time since the ancient protozoa and unusual microorganisms.Mankind encounters various parasites since the beginning of its existence, but the parasites on the millennia have not been "smarter" and more perfect for their fathers.Parasites can cause irreparable damage to health, severe disability or death.However, anyone in the note of the word "parasite" is mostly thinking about worms, although this period is wider.We will discuss parasites in more detail.
Parasites: Who are they?
The parasites are a cell or multi-colored organism that lives in the body of the owner or inside (in the gaps of the body or cells).They are generally smaller than the predators of the fauna, and they have the ability to multiply and live in difficult conditions.Their owner eats while he caused him to hurt.Thus, they are different from SymmbionTS - the owner of the organisms and benefit him.
Most of the parasites, along with harming themselves, can also pass dangerous diseases.Samples are mosquitoes carrying ticks, trade and ticks of ticks.
The dimensions of the parasites are significantly different - the microscopic can only reach only one microscopy, worms, lengths, 10 m or more.The parasites use various sources of owner - these are carbohydrates or proteins, oils, as well as minerals or vitamins to develop and develop.In the human body, the parasite can pass one or all stages of life cycle - intermediate or final.The manifestations of infected will depend on this.
The majority of parasites have microscopic sizes, it is difficult to detect.However, some types of parasitic worms can form cysts in the child, or reach a few meters long.
Types of parasitism
Several types of parasitism are different.The parasite in the human body depends on the habitat:
Endoparasites.They live inside the owners' body, and typical representatives are Helminths (or worms).They can live in the guts, body spaces.Intracellular or interaction parasites affect certain body tissues accordingly.These include bacteria, mushrooms, viruses and protozoa.
You need special terms and sometimes carriers to spread endoparasites.Organisms that bring them to permanent residence.For example, a carrier will be a mosquito for malaria.
Exoparasites.These organisms live on the surface of the owner's body and bite the biological media.Typical representatives are bits, fleas, mosquitoes and ticks.
Epiparasites.Parasitize in other parasites in super parasites.Thus, there are parasites living in the body of oils or humans, protozoa in the bowels - the body of the bodies.
Types of human parasites
Although viruses, fungi and bacteria hurt a person in their body, they are considered separately as pathogens of infectious diseases.The real parasites of people include:
Protozoa.These are only a cell organisms that can share the owners inside the body.Examples are a dizentery amoeba, malaria plasmodie or chlamidia.
Helminths.These are different types - flat, ribbon, round and other parasitic worms.
Parasite insects.This group includes bits, fleas, ticks, mosquitoes.
How does a parasitic infection show?
One of the unpleasant facts is the lack of typical symptoms of all parasitic infections.Thus, if insect bites and bits are relatively simple, it is not always possible to determine the existence of worms or protoso without a special analysis.Sometimes manifestations resemble bronchitis or pneumonia, hormonal dimensizence, allergies or food poisoning.Some parasites, in the bowels or abdominal cavity, abdominal pain, hypovitamitamosis or cholecystitis.Experts are different between the most typical symptoms:
- Skin, spots, bubbles, itching or bruise.
- Isttah or his suppression, lose weight.
- Diarrhea and vomiting, different types of abdominal pain.
- Anemia (decrease in the level of hemoglobin or red blood cells).
- Sleep disorders - insomnia or heavy drowsiness.
- The pain of the derins, muscles, skin.
- Allergic reactions previously not available.
- General Malaise, weakness, irritation.
- Periodic temperature to high numbers or permanent subberile firing.
However, the same manifestations are typical for many other, non-infected diseases, so the diagnosis can confirm the detection of the parasite itself, eggs or antibodies in blood.
Important!Often there is no symptom for a long time, they can occur after stress or infection with the spread of parasites.At the same time, many parasitic diseases are infectious and a person, undoubtedly infects others.This is especially likely if you are indifferent to the elementary rules of hygiene.
How are parasites spread?
Depending on the type of parasite, the spread of the spread can change.In the intestines of a person, as a rule, as a rule, the simplest way of being the simplest way of being the most commonly contacts from people from people to people.The simplest living in human blood or tissues is transmitted to other people through insects (for example, mosquito bite or sandy flying).
Many years of adolescence do not increase to people.People can be the last master - adults live in them or intermediate - larvae live in them.Eggs or larvae are transmitted from dirty hands, infected food or water and dust particles raised to the air.In addition, parasites can fall with a bird that infected fish, meat and larvae.
Ectoparazites - Lice and itching, connect with infected children or adults and transferred contact with close contacts.Arthropods are not only as provocateurs of diseases, but carriers of serious diseases - malaria, rashes, ticks encephalitis, etc.
Parasitic infections are in both tropics and subtropics, as well as a more mild climate.All parasitic diseases, malaria is the cause of most deaths in the world.Most of the little children die about 660,000 people from Malaria every year.
How to determine the parasites?
Of course, these pinworms, pinworms, pinworms, parents in the pot of the baby's pot, the diagnosis of the baby's pots, which are already clear, you need to be treated.However, most of the parasites should be determined first, and only then you need to choose an effective and safe treatment.
Today there are various types of laboratory tests to diagnose parasites.The type of education to be appointed by the participating doctor depends on your symptoms and complaints, other diseases and other diseases you may have or around the country.The diagnosis can be complicated, so the doctor can only assign additional procedures, not only tests.List of some frequently used tests that a doctor can be appointed during the diagnosis of parasites:
Study of feces to detect parasites or eggs.Analyzes are used to determine parasites that cause other diseases of diarrhea, liquid or juicy stools, stomach curls, flatness and abdominal cavity.It is recommended to explore the three or more stool samples in some days.
Blood tests for antibodies to parasitesSome other tests depending on urinary tests, blood plants and alleged diagnosis.Some, but not all, parasitic infections can be found when analyzing your blood.However, in this case, the blood will be examined for a certain parasitic infection;There is no blood test to determine all parasitic infections.The doctor can determine two main blood tests:
Serology.This test is used to seek antibodies or antibodies or antibodies or antibodies or antibodies, which is infected by the body and the immune system is trying to fight the invaders.
Blood smear.This test is used to determine the parasites found in the blood.It is possible to diagnose parasitic diseases such as bloodshed, frizzedosis, malaria or babusiosis under a microscope.This test is carried out by putting blood drops in the subject of a microscope.Then the object glass is painted and is examined under the microscope.
In addition to the tests, the doctor can set other studies.Endoscopy is used to detect parasites that cause diarrhea, liquid or juicy stools, abdominal cramps, licking and abdominal cavity to other symptoms.The study of the stool is used if it does not reveal the cause of your diarrhea.In the course of the mouth (endoscopy) or rectum (colonoscopy) procedure, a pipe with a camera and rear light is presented in a pipe to explore the intestines.This test is looking for parasites or other anomalies that can cause unpleasant symptoms.
X-ray pictures, magnetic resonance image (MRI), calculated axial tomography (KAT).These tests are used to seek some parasitic diseases that can lead to bodies.
How to treat?
When the proper diagnosis is known, the treatment is already easier to choose.Today, almost all parasitic diseases are treated.However, the treatment of Helminthiasis is a lot of masons and will take time from the patient.
In the first stage, the body should be prepared and cleaned of the collected toxins.Sets patient sorbents.Cleaning the body of the tucks, it lasts at least five days.
In the second stage, Anthelmintic agents are appointed to the patient.The drug is better if it is selected individually for a particular type of parasite.The treatment is carried out in two courses.The first year will kill the adults of Helmines in the human body.After 10-14 days, adult worms will be replaced with new ones to hold from folded eggs.The second course will kill new individuals.
In the third stage, the digestive system, the liver and the immune system is being restored.Patient Sorbents set the course and after taking medication that helps in the digestive system.Polivitamins are added at the same time.
Sometimes it can start disease or have a special form required for surgical intervention.Thus, for example, with the participation of the liver, kidneys or the extracurricular cysts in the lungs will help them remove them.
All treatments, medicines and other procedures are selected by a doctor based on the patient's diagnosis, age and weight.